Michael Ruse, Taking Darwin Seriously: A Naturalistic Approach (Oxford: Blackwell, 1986); Michael Ruse, "Evolutionary Ethics: A Pheonix Arisen," Zygon: Journal of Religion & Science 21.1 (1986): 95-112; Michael Ruse, "Evolutionary Theory and Christian Ethics: Are They in Harmony?" Zygon: Journal of Religion and Science 29.1(March 1994); Michael Ruse, "Evolutionary Ethics: What Can We Learn from the Past?" Zygon: Journal of Religion and Science 34.3(September 1999). A defense of sociobiology is particularly problemmatic when it involves trans-kin altruism. Nevertheless Ruse has even argued that the content of human rationality, and not morality, is determined genetically. Against this, Francisco Ayala and Camilo Cele-Conde argue that morality is an unintended byproduct of the evolution of rational capacities, leaving its content a ‘free variable’ for individuals and societies to determine. See REF Rolston for Ayala. See also C. J. Cela-Conde, On Genes, Gods and Tyrants (Dortrecht: Reidel, 1986) Camilo Cela-Conde and Gisele Marty, "Beyond Biological Evolution: Mind, Morals, and Culture," in Evolutionary and Molecular Biology: Scientific Perspectives on Divine Action, ed. Robert John Russell, William R. Stoeger, S. J and Francisco J. Ayala (Vatican City State; Berkeley, California: Vatican Observatory Publications; Center for Theology and the Natural Sciences, 1998), and Francisco Ayala, "Human Nature: One Evolutionist's View," in Whatever Happened to the Soul? Scientific and Theological Portraits of Human Nature, ed. Warren S. Brown, Nancey Murphy and and H. Newton Malony (Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1998). See also V. Elving Anderson, "A Genetic View of Human Nature," in Whatever Happened to the Soul? Scientific and Theological Portraits of Human Nature, ed. Warren S. Brown, Nancey Murphy and and H. Newton Malony (Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1998). Michael Ruse is profiled in the March, 1994 edition of Zygon (29.1).